As reported by cancer.org, colorectal cancer stands out as the third most frequently diagnosed cancer in both men and women across the United States, just behind skin cancer. Moreover, the American Cancer Society highlights that in 2019 alone, there were more than 100,000 new diagnoses of colon cancer, alongside over 44,000 additional cases of rectal cancer.
As reported by cancer.org, colorectal cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer in both men and women in the United States, coming right after skin cancer. The American Cancer Society also highlights that in 2019, there were more than 100,000 newly identified cases of colon cancer, in addition to over 44,000 new cases of rectal cancer.
For instance, the 5-year survival rate stands at 14 percent for colon cancer and an encouraging 67 percent for rectal cancer. It's noteworthy that when cancer is caught in its localized stage, survival rates soar, often reaching 89 percent or higher. In this article, we will delve into 6 key symptoms of colon cancer along with the various treatment options available.
While nobody is completely immune to these cancers, the chances of survival significantly improve with early detection.
Commonly known as colon cancer, colorectal cancer affects the large intestine, which is the terminal segment of the digestive system. Typically, it begins as adenomatous polyps. Initially benign in nature, these polyps can gradually transition to cancerous cells that invade the body.
During the early phases, these polyps are often small and typically do not present symptoms. Consequently, individuals with this condition may remain unaware until the polyps transform into cancerous growths and symptoms start manifesting. Regular screening tests are the most effective way to identify polyps as well as other early signs of colorectal cancer, allowing for physician intervention to remove polyps before they turn cancerous.
As polyps evolve into cancerous cells, patients may begin to notice a host of symptoms, such as:
While the definitive cause of colorectal cancer remains elusive, medical professionals generally agree that it stems from healthy cells developing errors in their DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), the genetic blueprint in all human cells.
To illustrate, healthy cells normally grow and divide to support bodily functions. However, when their DNA becomes damaged or altered, these cells can turn cancerous, continuing to proliferate and form tumors. As colorectal cancer progresses, it compromises the surrounding healthy tissue before potentially spreading to other parts of the body.
The average total cost for colon cancer care per Medicare patient was reported to be $29,196. This model can utilize longitudinal data to approximate long-term expenses associated with cancer from its inception, based on patient identification through tumor registries.
Back in 2014, cancer patients collectively paid nearly $4 billion out-of-pocket for treatment expenses. Furthermore, cancer care constitutes a substantial portion of total health care spending in the U.S., with approximately $87.8 billion expended in that same year on cancer-related services. These costs are borne by a combination of employers, insurance firms, taxpayer-funded public programs such as Medicare and Medicaid, alongside cancer patients and their networks.
Though the precise origins of colorectal cancer are not fully understood, certain factors can elevate the risk of being diagnosed, including:
Age – The likelihood of developing colorectal cancer markedly increases with age, with most new cases occurring in individuals aged 50 and above.
Intestinal inflammation – Research indicates that those with conditions like ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, or other inflammatory disorders related to the colon have double the risk of colon cancer.
Ethnicity – While colorectal cancer can affect anyone, it is notably more prevalent among African-Americans, as highlighted by the American Association for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.
Genetics – A family history of rectal or colorectal cancer substantially raises your chances of being diagnosed with either form.
Radiation therapy – Although radiation therapy is an effective cancer treatment, it can ironically also increase your risk for the disease, particularly if prior radiation treatments were directed at the abdomen.
Lifestyle – Several lifestyle choices, such as excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, and physical inactivity, can contribute to colorectal cancer risk.
Robert Bresalier, M.D., a professor in Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, suggests that a daily low-dose aspirin (81 milligrams) may lower your chances of developing colorectal cancer and other types as well. Nonetheless, daily aspirin can lead to gastrointestinal bleeding and ulcers, so it's crucial to consult your doctor before starting this regimen. Additionally, embracing a healthier lifestyle can further diminish your risk. Here are some actionable tips:
Clean eating – Opting for a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains supplies vital vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants essential for keeping cancer at bay.
Regular physical activity – Obesity is one of the key contributors to colorectal cancer, and maintaining a healthy weight can be achieved with at least 30 minutes of daily exercise.
Limit alcohol – Although moderate alcohol consumption has its benefits, excessive intake can elevate your risk for colorectal cancer, as well as liver cirrhosis. Ideally, restrict your consumption to no more than one or two drinks daily.
Quit smoking – If you smoke, consider this another compelling reason to quit, as studies show a strong correlation between smoking and an uptick in colorectal cancer risk.
For colorectal cancer, early detection significantly boosts the survival rate, hence scheduling regular cancer screening tests is advisable. Remember, proactive care is the best strategy against cancer or any ailment. If you're experiencing shifts in bowel habits, bloody stool, or other indications of potential colorectal cancer, it's vital to make an appointment with your doctor promptly. If you're due for your annual physical, this is an excellent opportunity to discuss your colorectal health, especially if you’re aged 50 or older. It's important to address ways to reduce your risk of the disease and plan for regular screenings.
Colorectal cancer treatments are diverse and typically hinge on various factors, including the stage of the disease. Other considerations may involve medications you’re already taking that could interact negatively with cancer treatments. Common colorectal cancer treatments include:
If you've received a colorectal cancer diagnosis, it's essential to discuss all available treatment options with your healthcare provider so that you know what to anticipate while seeking to become cancer-free. For further details on cancer treatments and to deepen your understanding of the disease, consider visiting cancer.org.
Author: This article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional advice regarding health or finances. It is not intended to endorse any individual or company. This article is AI-generated and may contain inaccuracies or unreliable information. Readers should consult a qualified professional for personal advice.